[galib] Multiple definitions in MS Visual Studio 2003, V7.1.3088

Tue Apr 25 23:20:18 EDT 2006

The solution to the following problem (which I was having):

I'm trying to compile an exercise (ex23.c) from Galib in MS Visual Studio
2003, V7.1.3088, on a Windows XP machine.

I've tried Kevin Druhan's solution, including changing the #includes to read
*.hpp *.cpp. I can get a very simple example to run fine this way.

However, with ex23.c I errors thus:

AutoTester error LNK2005: "int __cdecl GARealArithmeticCrossover(class
GAGenome const &,class GAGenome const &,class GAGenome *,class GAGenome *)"
(?GARealArithmeticCrossover@@YAHABVGAGenome@@0PAV1 at 1@Z) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "int __cdecl GARealBlendCrossover(class GAGenome
const &,class GAGenome const &,class GAGenome *,class GAGenome *)"
(?GARealBlendCrossover@@YAHABVGAGenome@@0PAV1 at 1@Z) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "int __cdecl GARealGaussianMutator(class GAGenome
&,float)" (?GARealGaussianMutator@@YAHAAVGAGenome@@M at Z) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>(class
GAAlleleSetArray<float> const &,float (__cdecl*)(class GAGenome &),void *)"
(??0?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@QAE at ABV?$GAAlleleSetArray at M@@P6AMAAVGAGenome@
@@ZPAX at Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>(unsigned
int,class GAAlleleSet<float> const &,float (__cdecl*)(class GAGenome &),void
*)"
(??0?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@QAE at IABV?$GAAlleleSet at M@@P6AMAAVGAGenome@@@ZP
AX at Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: float __thiscall
GAAlleleSet<float>::allele(unsigned int)const "
(?allele@?$GAAlleleSet at M@@QBEMI at Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: float __thiscall
GAAlleleSet<float>::allele(void)const " (?allele@?$GAAlleleSet at M@@QBEMXZ)
already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::~GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>(void)"
(??1?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UAE at XZ) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual char const * __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::className(void)const "
(?className@?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UBEPBDXZ) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual int __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::classID(void)const "
(?classID@?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UBEHXZ) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual int __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::read(class std::basic_istream<char,struct
std::char_traits<char> > &)"
(?read@?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UAEHAAV?$basic_istream at DU?$char_traits at D@s
td@@@std@@@Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found

I have also tried leaving the .c files as .c files, setting the Project and
File options to /TP, and including the folder that contains the ./ga folder
in the Projects VC++ Directories (so I don't have to change

<ga/whatever.c> to "whatever.cpp". In this case I still get the above
errors.

Is to remove the files GARealGenome.cpp and GAStringGenome.cpp from the
Solution (right click in Solution Explorer and Remove).

Thanks to Matthew Wall for the answer,

Regards,

-----Original Message-----
From: Mike Cooling [mailto:m.cooling at auckland.ac.nz] 
Sent: Wednesday, 26 April 2006 1:47 p.m.
To: 'galib at mit.edu'
Subject: Multiple definitions in MS Visual Studio 2003, V7.1.3088

Hi

I'm trying to compile an exercise (ex23.c) from Galib in MS Visual Studio
2003, V7.1.3088, on a Windows XP machine.

I've tried Kevin Druhan's solution, including changing the #includes to read
*.hpp *.cpp. I can get a very simple example to run fine this way.

However, with ex23.c I errors thus:

AutoTester error LNK2005: "int __cdecl GARealArithmeticCrossover(class
GAGenome const &,class GAGenome const &,class GAGenome *,class GAGenome *)"
(?GARealArithmeticCrossover@@YAHABVGAGenome@@0PAV1 at 1@Z) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "int __cdecl GARealBlendCrossover(class GAGenome
const &,class GAGenome const &,class GAGenome *,class GAGenome *)"
(?GARealBlendCrossover@@YAHABVGAGenome@@0PAV1 at 1@Z) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "int __cdecl GARealGaussianMutator(class GAGenome
&,float)" (?GARealGaussianMutator@@YAHAAVGAGenome@@M at Z) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>(class
GAAlleleSetArray<float> const &,float (__cdecl*)(class GAGenome &),void *)"
(??0?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@QAE at ABV?$GAAlleleSetArray at M@@P6AMAAVGAGenome@
@@ZPAX at Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>(unsigned
int,class GAAlleleSet<float> const &,float (__cdecl*)(class GAGenome &),void
*)"
(??0?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@QAE at IABV?$GAAlleleSet at M@@P6AMAAVGAGenome@@@ZP
AX at Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: float __thiscall
GAAlleleSet<float>::allele(unsigned int)const "
(?allele@?$GAAlleleSet at M@@QBEMI at Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: float __thiscall
GAAlleleSet<float>::allele(void)const " (?allele@?$GAAlleleSet at M@@QBEMXZ)
already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::~GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>(void)"
(??1?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UAE at XZ) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual char const * __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::className(void)const "
(?className@?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UBEPBDXZ) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual int __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::classID(void)const "
(?classID@?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UBEHXZ) already defined in
AutoTester.obj

AutoTester error LNK2005: "public: virtual int __thiscall
GA1DArrayAlleleGenome<float>::read(class std::basic_istream<char,struct
std::char_traits<char> > &)"
(?read@?$GA1DArrayAlleleGenome at M@@UAEHAAV?$basic_istream at DU?$char_traits at D@s
td@@@std@@@Z) already defined in AutoTester.obj

AutoTester fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found

I have also tried leaving the .c files as .c files, setting the Project and
File options to /TP, and including the folder that contains the ./ga folder
in the Projects VC++ Directories (so I don't have to change

<ga/whatever.c> to "whatever.cpp". In this case I still get the above
errors.

What am I missing? If there is anyone out there using MS Vis Studio and can
help please let me know.

Thanks for your time,

Mike Cooling

PhD Student

Bioengineering Institute

University of Auckland

-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: http://mailman.mit.edu/pipermail/galib/attachments/20060426/1da70c79/attachment.htm