[Editors] MIT Research Digest, March 2009

[Elizabeth Thomson]

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MIT Research Digest, March 2009
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For Immediate Release
TUESDAY, MAR. 3, 2009

Contact: Elizabeth A. Thomson, MIT News Office
E: thomson at mit.edu, T: 617-258-5402


A monthly tip-sheet for journalists of recent research advances
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Latest research news: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/research.html
RSS -- research feed: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/mitresearch-rss.xml

IN THIS ISSUE: Chameleon Guitar * New Rocket * Genetics Of Autism *  
Earliest Animal Ancestors * Nano-Origami * Chronic Infection Threat *  
Power From Potholes * Tiny Twilight Zone * Tracking Tuberculosis *  
Ovarian Cancer * Novel Washing Machine * Rett Syndrome * Microbes To  
The Rescue * Tactile Communication * Solar Race Car * Prostate Cancer  
* Alien Ocean * Parkinson’s Disease * Fighting Bacterial Infections

CHAMELEON GUITAR
Natural wood, with its unique grain patterns, is what gives  
traditional acoustic instruments warm and distinctive sounds, while  
the power of modern electronic processing provides an unlimited degree  
of control to manipulate the characteristics of an instrument's sound.  
Now, a guitar built by a student at MIT's Media Lab promises to  
provide the best of both worlds. The Chameleon Guitar — so named for  
its ability to mimic different instruments — is an electric guitar  
whose body has a separate central section that is removable. This  
inserted section, the soundboard, can be switched with one made of a  
different kind of wood, or with a different structural support system,  
or with one made of a different material altogether. Then, the sound  
generated by the electronic pickups on that board can be manipulated  
by a computer to produce the effect of a different size or shape of  
the resonating chamber. Its creator, Media Lab masters student Amit  
Zoran, explains that each piece of wood is unique and will behave in a  
different way when it is part of an instrument and begins to vibrate  
in response to the strings attached to it. Under the direction of  
Media Lab Associate Professor Pattie Maes, and with help from  
experienced instrument builder Marco Coppiardi, he built the first  
proof of concept version last summer, with a variety of removable  
wooden inserts. The concept worked, so he went on to build a more  
polished version with an easier quick-change mechanism for switching  
the inserts providing a variety of sound characteristics, but always  
leaving the same body, neck and frets so that the instrument always  
feels the same.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/chameleon-guitar-0203.html
PHOTO AND VIDEO AVAILABLE

NEW ROCKET
Satellites orbiting the Earth must occasionally be nudged to stay on  
the correct path. MIT scientists are developing a new rocket that  
could make this and other spacecraft maneuvers much less costly, a  
consideration of growing importance as more private companies start  
working in space. The new system, called the Mini-Helicon Plasma  
Thruster, is much smaller than other rockets of its kind and runs on  
gases that are much less expensive than conventional propellants. As a  
result, it could slash fuel consumption by 10 times that of  
conventional systems used for the same applications, said Oleg  
Batishchev, a principal research scientist in the Department of  
Aeronautics and Astronautics and leader of the work. The propulsion  
systems currently used for maintaining a satellite’s orbit, pushing a  
spacecraft from one orbit to another, and otherwise maneuvering in  
space rely on chemical reactions that occur within the fuel, releasing  
energy that ultimately propels the object. Although such systems have  
brought humans to the moon and are regularly used in a variety of  
other applications, they have limitations. For example, chemical  
rockets are expensive largely due to the amount of fuel they use. As a  
result, engineers have been developing alternative, non-chemical  
rockets. In these, an external source of electrical energy is used to  
accelerate the propellant that provides the thrust for moving a craft  
through space.This work was funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/plasma-rocket-0224.html
PHOTO AND VIDEO AVAILABLE

GENETICS OF AUTISM
By pinpointing two genes that cause autism-like symptoms in mice,  
researchers at MIT’s Picower Institute for Learning and Memory have  
shown for the first time that multiple, interacting genetic risk  
factors may influence the severity of autistic symptoms. The study,  
reported in a Feb. advance online edition of the Proceedings of the  
National Academy of Sciences, lends support to researchers’ long- 
suspected belief that in individuals whose autism is genetic in  
origin, more than one gene is implicated. The work could lead to drugs  
targeting signaling mechanisms between the two interacting genes  
responsible for some autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) symptoms. The  
molecular intersection of the two genes’ pathways in the brain may  
also serve as a diagnostic target or biomarker for a subset of  
individuals with ASDs. “We found that two genetic risk factors for  
ASDs act cooperatively in mice to influence brain size and social  
behavior, both of which are altered in ASDs,” said Damon T. Page, a  
Picower Institute postdoctoral fellow and lead investigator of the  
study. This work was supported by the Nancy Lurie Marks Family  
Foundation, the Simons Foundation and the Autism Consortium.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/autism-gene-0209.html

EARLIEST ANIMAL ANCESTORS
Even Charles Darwin was puzzled by the apparently sudden appearance in  
the fossil record of a great variety of multicellular creatures — a  
rapid blossoming known as the Cambrian explosion. Since then, the  
origin of animals was found to extend back earlier, through a period  
known as the Ediacarian. Now, evidence found by researchers at MIT, UC  
Riverside and other institutions shows that the first complex life  
forms may in fact have appeared much earlier still. Our earliest  
animal ancestors, it appears, were sponges — multicellular animals  
that feed by passing seawater though a complex system of internal  
channels. And these earliest sponges may predate the Ediacarian period  
by as much as 80 million years, this new evidence shows. Soft-bodied  
animals such as sponges are very rarely preserved as fossils, so  
finding evidence of their early appearance required some clever  
detective work. The key turned out to be an examination of unusual  
chemicals: steroids of a particular type produced abundantly by  
sponges but virtually never by simpler organisms. Studying an  
unusually well preserved long sequence of strata found in Oman, the  
research team was able to extract these “chemical fossils” from a  
large number of samples spanning a range of tens of millions of years  
— before, during and after the Ediacarian period. This provided clear  
evidence that sponges must have evolved long before the great variety  
of multicellular organisms that proliferated at the dawn of that  
period. The new research, which appeared in the journal Nature, was  
conducted in MIT’s Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary  
Sciences, under the direction of Professor of Geobiology Roger  
Summons. The work was funded by Petroleum Development Oman, NASA, the  
NSF, and the Agouron Institute.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/nature-sponges-0204.html

NANO-ORIGAMI
Folding paper into shapes such as a crane or a butterfly is  
challenging enough for most people. Now imagine trying to fold  
something that’s about a hundred times thinner than a human hair and  
then putting it to use as an electronic device. A team of researchers  
led by George Barbastathis, associate professor of mechanical  
engineering, is developing the basic principles of nano-origami, a new  
technique that allows engineers to fold nanoscale materials into  
simple 3-D structures. The tiny folded materials could be used as  
motors and capacitors, potentially leading to better computer memory  
storage, faster microprocessors and new nanophotonic devices.  
Traditional micro- and nano-fabrication techniques such as X-ray  
lithography and nano-imprinting work beautifully for two-dimensional  
structures, and are commonly used to build microprocessors and other  
micro-electrical-mechanical (MEMS) devices. However, they cannot  
create 3-D structures. “A lot of what’s done now is planar,” says Tony  
Nichol, a mechanical engineering graduate student working on the  
project. “We want to take all of the nice tools that have been  
developed for 2-D and do 3-D things.”
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/nano-origami-0224.html
PHOTO AND VIDEO AVAILABLE

CHRONIC INFECTION THREAT
Worldwide, nearly 2 million people per year die from diarrhea, the  
vast majority of them in poor countries in Africa and Asia. The  
disease accounts for 18 percent of all deaths among children — and yet  
is almost always preventable with proper treatment. Now, new research  
from MIT indicates that underlying, low-level undiagnosed infection  
may greatly add to the severity of a significant number of these  
cases. This realization could lead to changes in health-care  
strategies to address the problem. The findings, reported by MIT  
Professor of Biological Engineering and Comparative Medicine David  
Schauer, show that these undiagnosed gastrointestinal infections  
increase the severity of and delay recovery from acute diarrhea, and  
the analysis provides a model that could allow public health officials  
to evaluate new preventive strategies or therapeutic treatments. The  
work grew out of the increasing recognition of the relationship  
between persistent, chronic infections many people carry and the  
outcomes of later disease infection. “It seemed likely that persistent  
enteric infection with bacterial agents would also elicit immune  
responses that could have similar effects. However, this had not been  
previously studied,” Schauer says. “We wanted to provide proof of  
principle, and begin to define the mechanism for such an interaction.”  
The work was supported by a U.S. Public Health Service grant.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/diarrhea-0213.html
PHOTO AVAILABLE

POWER FROM POTHOLES
A team of MIT undergraduates has invented a shock absorber that  
harnesses energy from small bumps in the road, generating electricity  
while it smoothes the ride more effectively than conventional shocks.  
The students hope to initially find customers among companies that  
operate large fleets of heavy vehicles. They have already drawn  
interest from the U.S. military and several truck manufacturers.  
Senior Shakeel Avadhany and his teammates say they can produce up to a  
10 percent improvement in overall vehicle fuel efficiency by using the  
regenerative shock absorbers. The company that produces Humvees for  
the army, and is currently working on development of the next- 
generation version of the all-purpose vehicle, is interested enough to  
have loaned them a vehicle for testing purposes. The project came  
about because “we wanted to figure out where energy is being wasted in  
a vehicle,” senior Zack Anderson explains. Some hybrid cars already do  
a good job of recovering the energy from braking, so the team looked  
elsewhere, and quickly homed in on the suspension. They filed for a  
patent last year and formed a company, called Levant Power Corp., to  
develop and commercialize the product.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/shock-absorbers-0209.html*
PHOTO AVAILABLE

TINY TWILIGHT ZONE
Not far beneath the ocean’s surface, tiny phytoplankton swimming  
upward in a daily commute toward morning light sometimes encounter the  
watery equivalent of Rod Serling’s Twilight Zone: a sharp variation in  
marine currents that traps billions of these single-celled organisms  
and sends them tumbling until a shift in wind or tide alters the  
currents and sets them free. Scientists are aware of these thin layers  
of single-celled creatures and their enormous ecological  
ramifications, but until now, they knew little about the mechanisms  
responsible for their formation. The explanation by researchers in  
MIT’s Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of how these  
common, startlingly dense layers of photosynthetic phytoplankton form,  
moves the scientific community a step closer to being able to predict  
harmful algal blooms, a well-known example of which is red tide. The  
work also opens new perspectives on other phenomena, like predatory  
feeding by larger organisms at these ecological hotspots.  
“Phytoplankton are incredibly small. You would have to stack about 10  
back to back to equal the width of a single human hair,” said PhD  
student William Durham, co-author on a paper appearing in a Feb. issue  
of Science. This research was supported by the NSF and the MIT Earth  
Systems Initiative.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/algal-blooms-0219.html
GRAPHIC AVAILABLE

TRACKING TUBERCULOSIS
For patients who have drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis, it’s  
critical to monitor the disease as closely as possible. That means  
monthly testing throughout a two-year course of powerful antibiotics,  
with injections six days a week for the first six months. Keeping  
track of all those test results can be very time-consuming, especially  
in developing countries where health workers rely on paper copies.  
That’s why MIT graduate student Joaquin Blaya decided to try out a new  
tracking method: personal digital assistants. In a project launched in  
Lima, Peru, the researchers found that equipping health care workers  
with PDAs to record data dropped the average time for patients’ test  
results to reach their doctors from 23 days to eight days. “You can  
monitor patients in a more timely way. It also prevents results from  
getting lost,” says Blaya, a PhD student in the Harvard-MIT Division  
of Health Sciences and Technology. Their work was reported in the  
online edition of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/itw-pda-tt0211.html

OVARIAN CANCER
Small RNA molecules can effectively keep ovarian tumors from growing  
and spreading in mice, according to a team of researchers from MIT,  
the Lankenau Institute for Medical Research and Alnylam  
Pharmaceuticals. The findings, reported in a Feb. online edition of  
the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, represent a  
promising new approach to the treatment of ovarian cancer, a disease  
that affects more than 20,000 women and results in more than 15,000  
deaths each year in the United States alone. The work may also hold  
potential for treating other types of cancer. The researchers used a  
new approach known as RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi therapeutics  
target disease by potently silencing specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs),  
thereby preventing disease-causing proteins from being made. The new  
results demonstrate that RNAi silencing of the claudin-3 protein using  
lipid-like formulations of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs, the  
molecules that mediate RNAi) results in the suppression of ovarian  
tumor growth and metastases.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/ovarian-cancer-0209.html

NOVEL WASHING MACHINE
In many developing countries, electricity is unreliable or unavailable  
and water must be carried by hand, so conventional modern washing  
machines are not an option. Washing clothes can take up a significant  
amount of time, and doing laundry in open streams or lakes can add to  
water pollution, so the availability of a human-powered washing  
machine could make a big difference to the quality of life. A pedal- 
powered washing machine that MIT students and staff built mostly from  
bicycle parts and empty barrels could solve many of these problems,  
and at the same time could be built locally and thereby create jobs.  
Under development for almost four years, the new machine — dubbed  
“bicilavadora,” combining the Spanish words for bicycle and washing  
machine — got its most rigorous workout last month when a team of MIT  
students took the latest prototype to an orphanage in the slums called  
Ventanilla outside Lima, Peru. With 670 resident children, the home  
generates enough laundry to keep the washer perpetually busy. The  
machine was designed to be easy and inexpensive to manufacture, mostly  
using parts and tools that are readily available almost everywhere in  
the developing world.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/itw-bicilavadora-0219.html
PHOTO AND VIDEO AVAILABLE

RETT SYNDROME
A molecule that promotes brain development could serve as a possible  
treatment for Rett syndrome, the most common form of autism in girls,  
according to researchers at MIT's Picower Institute for Learning and  
Memory and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. The  
researchers found that injecting the molecule into mice that have an  
equivalent of Rett syndrome helped the animals' faulty brain cells  
develop normally and reversed some of the disorder's symptoms. The  
work, reported in a Feb. online edition of the Proceedings of the  
National Academy of Sciences, is expected to lead to new human  
clinical trials for a derivative of growth factor-1 (IGF-1), currently  
used to treat growth disorders and control blood glucose. The MIT  
study indicates that IGF-1 could potentially lessen the severity of  
symptoms of Rett syndrome. "We demonstrate that a major underlying  
mechanism behind Rett syndrome in mice is that synapses in the brain  
remain immature and show persistent, abnormal plasticity into  
adulthood," said Daniela Tropea, a postdoctoral fellow at the Picower  
Institute and lead author of the study. "We also propose that a  
therapeutic based on this mechanism would be directly applicable to  
humans." This work is supported by the Rett Syndrome Research  
Foundation, the NIH, the Simons Foundation, the Marcus Family  
Foundation and the Autism Consortium.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/rett-0209.html

MICROBES TO THE RESCUE
In the search for answers to the planet’s biggest challenges, some MIT  
researchers are turning to its tiniest organisms: bacteria. The idea  
of exploiting microbial products is not new: Humans have long enlisted  
bacteria and yeast to make bread, wine and cheese, and more recently  
discovered antibiotics that help fight disease. Now, researchers in  
the growing field of metabolic engineering are trying to manipulate  
bacteria’s unique abilities to help generate energy and clean up  
Earth’s atmosphere. MIT chemical engineer Kristala Jones Prather sees  
bacteria as diverse and complex “chemical factories” that can  
potentially build better biofuels as well as biodegradable plastics  
and textiles. “We’re trying to ask what kinds of things should we be  
trying to make, and looking for potential routes in nature to make  
them,” says Prather, the Joseph R. Mares (1924) Assistant Professor of  
Chemical Engineering. She and Gregory Stephanopoulos, the W.H. Dow  
Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT, are trying to create  
bacteria that make biofuels and other compounds more efficiently,  
while chemistry professor Catherine Drennan hopes bacteria can one day  
help soak up pollutants such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide  
from the Earth’s atmosphere.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/bacteria-energy-0217.html
PHOTO AND GRAPHIC AVAILABLE

TACTILE COMMUNICATION
Lip reading is a critical means of communication for many deaf people,  
but it has a drawback: Certain consonants (for example, p and b) can  
be nearly impossible to distinguish by sight alone. Tactile devices,  
which translate sound waves into vibrations that can be felt by the  
skin, can help overcome that obstacle by conveying nuances of speech  
that can’t be gleaned from lip reading. Researchers in MIT’s Sensory  
Communication Group are working on a new generation of such devices,  
which could be an important tool for deaf people who rely on lip  
reading and can’t use or can’t afford cochlear implants. The cost of  
the device and the surgery make cochlear implants prohibitive for many  
people, especially in developing countries. “Most deaf people will not  
have access to that technology in our lifetime,” said Ted Moallem, a  
graduate student working on the project. “Tactile devices can be  
several orders of magnitude cheaper than cochlear implants.” Moallem  
and Charlotte Reed, senior research scientist in MIT’s Research  
Laboratory of Electronics and leader of the project, say the software  
they are developing could be compatible with current smart phones,  
allowing such devices to be transformed into unobtrusive tactile aids  
for the deaf. This research is funded by the National Institute on  
Deafness and Other Communication Disorders.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/deaf-touch-0226.html
PHOTO AVAILABLE

SOLAR RACE CAR
MIT's Solar Electric Vehicle Team has unveiled its newest race car,  
Eleanor, to the public. With six square meters of monocrystalline  
silicon solar cells and improved electronic systems and design, the  
car can run all day on a sunny day at a steady cruising speed of 55  
mph. The car will be competing in October in the World Solar Challenge  
race across Australia, and in preparation for that the team plans to  
drive the car across the United States over the summer. The new  
vehicle is equipped with wireless links so that the lead and chase  
vehicles during the race will be able to monitor every aspect of the  
car's electrical performance in real time. Its batteries have enough  
energy, when fully charged, to get the car from Boston to New York  
City without need of sunlight. David Sanchez, a senior in the  
Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the aerodynamics lead  
for the team, has been working on the project for more than two years.  
"There's no better project for a young guy who wants to do  
aerodynamics, all the way from conception to design to construction,"  
he says.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/solar-car-adv-0225.html
PHOTO AND VIDEO AVAILABLE

PROSTATE CANCER
Blocking a specific protein complex prevents the formation of tumors  
in mice genetically predisposed to develop prostate cancer,  
researchers at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research have  
found. Interestingly, inhibiting this protein complex in non-cancer  
cells appears to have no impact, suggesting that the protein complex  
may represent a promising target for drug development. Prostate  
cancer, the second-most common cancer among men in the United States,  
can be caused by mutation of a known tumor suppressor gene that  
restrains abnormal cell growth. Studies have shown that an estimated  
70 percent of men with prostate cancer have a deletion of this gene,  
known as PTEN. "PTEN is probably the second-most common tumor  
suppressor loss that causes cancer -- after p53 -- so it's a 'big  
deal' tumor suppressor," says Whitehead Member David Sabatini, who is  
also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator and professor of  
biology at MIT. In prostate cells where PTEN is absent, no mechanism  
exists to prevent the cells from dividing and growing uncontrollably.  
In a new study appearing in a Feb. edition of Cancer Cell, researchers  
in Sabatini's lab found that prostate cells also require the mTORC2  
protein complex to form tumors. In a mouse model of human prostate  
cancer, the PTEN gene is deleted, causing prostate tumors to form. By  
switching off a protein known as RICTOR, one of the proteins  
comprising the mTORC2 protein complex, Whitehead researchers found  
that tumor formation could be blocked and prostate cancer development  
inhibited in study mice -- despite the PTEN deletion. This research  
was supported by the NIH and the Keck Foundation.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/prostate-protein-0202.html
GRAPHIC AVAILABLE

ALIEN OCEAN
When MIT Professor of Anthropology Stefan Helmreich set out to examine  
the world of marine microbiologists for a new book, his research took  
an unexpected twist. Helmreich, who has been recognized for his  
innovative cultural anthropology work, had decided to study scientists  
who chase some of the world's smallest creatures in some of the  
world's most forbidding places. So he spent long hours interviewing  
microbial biologists such as Penny Chisholm, the Lee and Geraldine  
Martin Professor of Environmental Studies at MIT, and Edward DeLong,  
professor in MIT's Department of Biological Engineering and the  
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and an associate  
member at the Broad Institute. He wanted to understand not only how  
they went about their research, but also what sentiments and belief  
systems guided them as they scrutinized microbes like Prochlorococcus,  
a sea-dwelling microbe of global importance that Chisholm co- 
discovered in 1986. But during the years of Helmreich's research, the  
entire field shifted gears. By the time he finished his book, "Alien  
Ocean: Anthropological Voyages in Microbial Seas," published in early  
2009 by University of California Press, marine microbiologists were  
calling their discipline "microbial oceanography" -- a reflection that  
they were not just studying individual single-celled creatures in the  
ocean, but the ocean itself.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/alien-ocean-0205.html
PHOTO AND VIDEO AVAILABLE

PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Scientists at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research have  
demonstrated one of the first links between genetic and environmental  
causes of Parkinson's disease. Researchers have long known that  
Parkinson's can be caused by faulty genes or environmental factors.  
But a new study by Whitehead and MIT scientists found that a single  
gene, known as PARK9, protects cells from manganese toxicity and  
rescues neurons from over-expression of the protein alpha-synuclein.  
Misfolded alpha-synuclein is the hallmark of the debilitating  
neurological disorder. "This is one of the first connections between  
Parkinson's disease genetics and the environment," says Aaron Gitler,  
one of the co-authors of a paper published online in a Feb. edition of  
Nature Genetics. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder  
characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity, and slowed movements. This  
work was funded by the Life Sciences Research Foundation's Lilly  
Fellowship and the NIH.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/parkinsons-gene-0201.html

FIGHTING BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
A new approach to fighting bacterial infections, developed at MIT and  
Boston University, could help prevent bacteria from developing  
antibiotic resistance and help kill those that have already become  
resistant. Researchers from both schools have engineered a virus that  
knocks out bacterial defense systems, enhancing the effectiveness of  
antibiotics. The work is reported in the March 2 online issue of the  
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Antibiotic-resistant  
bacteria pose a serious and growing health risk. The Centers for  
Disease Control and Prevention estimates that the antibiotic-resistant  
bacterium MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, causes  
approximately 94,000 infections and contributes to 19,000 deaths  
annually in the United States, through contact that can occur in a  
variety of locations, including schools, hospitals and homes. New  
drugs are needed to combat these superbugs, but very few new  
antibiotics have been developed in the past few decades. “There are a  
lot of targets to go after, but people haven’t been able to find the  
drugs,” said Timothy Lu, lead author of the paper and an MD candidate  
in the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology. Lu and  
James Collins, Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and  
professor of biomedical engineering at BU, took a new approach:  
engineering existing bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) to  
attack specific targets. This work was funded by the NIH and the  
Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
MORE: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/antibiotic-resistance-0302.html

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