krb5 commit: Add test cases for preauth fallback behavior

Greg Hudson ghudson at mit.edu
Thu Feb 23 12:53:33 EST 2017


https://github.com/krb5/krb5/commit/748beda1e36d76bed8b06b272ecb72988eede94b
commit 748beda1e36d76bed8b06b272ecb72988eede94b
Author: Greg Hudson <ghudson at mit.edu>
Date:   Fri Jan 20 12:44:12 2017 -0500

    Add test cases for preauth fallback behavior
    
    Add options to icred for performing optimistic preauth and setting
    preauth options, and for choosing between the normal and stepwise
    interfaces.  Add options to the test preauth module to allow induced
    failures at several points in processing, factoring out some padata
    manipulation functions into a new file to avoid repeating too much
    code.  Add test cases to t_preauth.py using the new facilities to
    exercise and verify several preauth fallback scenarios.  Amend the
    tryagain test case in t_pkinit.py to look for more trace log messages.
    
    ticket: 8537

 src/plugins/preauth/test/Makefile.in |    4 +-
 src/plugins/preauth/test/cltest.c    |   86 +++++++++++++------
 src/plugins/preauth/test/common.c    |   61 +++++++++++++
 src/plugins/preauth/test/common.h    |   41 +++++++++
 src/plugins/preauth/test/deps        |   14 +++-
 src/plugins/preauth/test/kdctest.c   |   96 +++++++++++++--------
 src/tests/icred.c                    |   67 +++++++++++----
 src/tests/t_general.py               |    1 +
 src/tests/t_pkinit.py                |   12 ++-
 src/tests/t_preauth.py               |  156 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 10 files changed, 451 insertions(+), 87 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/plugins/preauth/test/Makefile.in b/src/plugins/preauth/test/Makefile.in
index ac3cb81..77321b6 100644
--- a/src/plugins/preauth/test/Makefile.in
+++ b/src/plugins/preauth/test/Makefile.in
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ RELDIR=../plugins/preauth/test
 SHLIB_EXPDEPS=$(KRB5_BASE_DEPLIBS)
 SHLIB_EXPLIBS=$(KRB5_BASE_LIBS)
 
-STLIBOBJS=cltest.o kdctest.o
+STLIBOBJS=cltest.o kdctest.o common.o
 
-SRCS= $(srcdir)/cltest.c $(srcdir)/kdctest.c
+SRCS= $(srcdir)/cltest.c $(srcdir)/kdctest.c $(srcdir)/common.c
 
 all-unix: all-liblinks
 install-unix: install-libs
diff --git a/src/plugins/preauth/test/cltest.c b/src/plugins/preauth/test/cltest.c
index 4c31e1c..f5f7c5a 100644
--- a/src/plugins/preauth/test/cltest.c
+++ b/src/plugins/preauth/test/cltest.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
 /* plugins/preauth/test/cltest.c - Test clpreauth module */
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2015 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
+ * Copyright (C) 2015, 2017 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 
 /*
  * This module is used to test preauth interface features.  At this time, the
- * clpreauth module does two things:
+ * clpreauth module does the following:
  *
  * - It decrypts a message from the initial KDC pa-data using the reply key and
  *   prints it to stdout.  (The unencrypted message "no key" can also be
@@ -45,17 +45,27 @@
  *   it to the server, instructing the kdcpreauth module to assert one or more
  *   space-separated authentication indicators.  (This string is sent on both
  *   round trips if a second round trip is requested.)
+ *
+ * - If a KDC_ERR_ENCTYPE_NOSUPP error with e-data is received, it prints the
+ *   accompanying error padata and sends a follow-up request containing
+ *   "tryagain".
+ *
+ * - If the "fail_optimistic", "fail_2rt", or "fail_tryagain" gic options are
+ *   set, it fails with a recognizable error string at the requested point in
+ *   processing.
  */
 
 #include "k5-int.h"
 #include <krb5/clpreauth_plugin.h>
-
-#define TEST_PA_TYPE -123
+#include "common.h"
 
 static krb5_preauthtype pa_types[] = { TEST_PA_TYPE, 0 };
 
 struct client_state {
     char *indicators;
+    krb5_boolean fail_optimistic;
+    krb5_boolean fail_2rt;
+    krb5_boolean fail_tryagain;
 };
 
 struct client_request_state {
@@ -70,6 +80,7 @@ test_init(krb5_context context, krb5_clpreauth_moddata *moddata_out)
     st = malloc(sizeof(*st));
     assert(st != NULL);
     st->indicators = NULL;
+    st->fail_optimistic = st->fail_2rt = st->fail_tryagain = FALSE;
     *moddata_out = (krb5_clpreauth_moddata)st;
     return 0;
 }
@@ -114,7 +125,6 @@ test_process(krb5_context context, krb5_clpreauth_moddata moddata,
     struct client_state *st = (struct client_state *)moddata;
     struct client_request_state *reqst = (struct client_request_state *)modreq;
     krb5_error_code ret;
-    krb5_pa_data **list, *pa;
     krb5_keyblock *k;
     krb5_enc_data enc;
     krb5_data plain;
@@ -123,20 +133,18 @@ test_process(krb5_context context, krb5_clpreauth_moddata moddata,
     if (pa_data->length == 0) {
         /* This is an optimistic preauth test.  Send a recognizable padata
          * value so the KDC knows not to expect a cookie. */
-        list = k5calloc(2, sizeof(*list), &ret);
-        assert(!ret);
-        pa = k5alloc(sizeof(*pa), &ret);
-        assert(!ret);
-        pa->pa_type = TEST_PA_TYPE;
-        pa->contents = (uint8_t *)strdup("optimistic");
-        assert(pa->contents != NULL);
-        pa->length = 10;
-        list[0] = pa;
-        list[1] = NULL;
-        *out_pa_data = list;
+        if (st->fail_optimistic) {
+            k5_setmsg(context, KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED, "induced optimistic fail");
+            return KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED;
+        }
+        *out_pa_data = make_pa_list("optimistic", 10);
         return 0;
     } else if (reqst->second_round_trip) {
         printf("2rt: %.*s\n", pa_data->length, pa_data->contents);
+        if (st->fail_2rt) {
+            k5_setmsg(context, KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED, "induced 2rt fail");
+            return KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED;
+        }
     } else if (pa_data->length == 6 &&
                memcmp(pa_data->contents, "no key", 6) == 0) {
         printf("no key\n");
@@ -157,17 +165,34 @@ test_process(krb5_context context, krb5_clpreauth_moddata moddata,
     reqst->second_round_trip = TRUE;
 
     indstr = (st->indicators != NULL) ? st->indicators : "";
-    list = k5calloc(2, sizeof(*list), &ret);
-    assert(!ret);
-    pa = k5alloc(sizeof(*pa), &ret);
-    assert(!ret);
-    pa->pa_type = TEST_PA_TYPE;
-    pa->contents = (uint8_t *)strdup(indstr);
-    assert(pa->contents != NULL);
-    pa->length = strlen(indstr);
-    list[0] = pa;
-    list[1] = NULL;
-    *out_pa_data = list;
+    *out_pa_data = make_pa_list(indstr, strlen(indstr));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static krb5_error_code
+test_tryagain(krb5_context context, krb5_clpreauth_moddata moddata,
+              krb5_clpreauth_modreq modreq, krb5_get_init_creds_opt *opt,
+              krb5_clpreauth_callbacks cb, krb5_clpreauth_rock rock,
+              krb5_kdc_req *request, krb5_data *enc_req, krb5_data *enc_prev,
+              krb5_preauthtype pa_type, krb5_error *error,
+              krb5_pa_data **padata, krb5_prompter_fct prompter,
+              void *prompter_data, krb5_pa_data ***padata_out)
+{
+    struct client_state *st = (struct client_state *)moddata;
+    int i;
+
+    *padata_out = NULL;
+    if (st->fail_tryagain) {
+        k5_setmsg(context, KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED, "induced tryagain fail");
+        return KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED;
+    }
+    if (error->error != KDC_ERR_ENCTYPE_NOSUPP)
+        return KRB5_PREAUTH_FAILED;
+    for (i = 0; padata[i] != NULL; i++) {
+        if (padata[i]->pa_type == TEST_PA_TYPE)
+            printf("tryagain: %.*s\n", padata[i]->length, padata[i]->contents);
+    }
+    *padata_out = make_pa_list("tryagain", 8);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -181,6 +206,12 @@ test_gic_opt(krb5_context kcontext, krb5_clpreauth_moddata moddata,
         free(st->indicators);
         st->indicators = strdup(value);
         assert(st->indicators != NULL);
+    } else if (strcmp(attr, "fail_optimistic") == 0) {
+        st->fail_optimistic = TRUE;
+    } else if (strcmp(attr, "fail_2rt") == 0) {
+        st->fail_2rt = TRUE;
+    } else if (strcmp(attr, "fail_tryagain") == 0) {
+        st->fail_tryagain = TRUE;
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -205,6 +236,7 @@ clpreauth_test_initvt(krb5_context context, int maj_ver,
     vt->request_init = test_request_init;
     vt->request_fini = test_request_fini;
     vt->process = test_process;
+    vt->tryagain = test_tryagain;
     vt->gic_opts = test_gic_opt;
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/plugins/preauth/test/common.c b/src/plugins/preauth/test/common.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d1f49d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/plugins/preauth/test/common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
+/* plugins/preauth/test/common.c - common functions for test preauth module */
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *   distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
+ * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+ * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "k5-int.h"
+#include "common.h"
+
+krb5_pa_data *
+make_pa(const char *contents, size_t len)
+{
+    krb5_error_code ret;
+    krb5_pa_data *pa;
+
+    pa = calloc(1, sizeof(*pa));
+    assert(pa != NULL);
+    pa->pa_type = TEST_PA_TYPE;
+    pa->contents = k5memdup(contents, len, &ret);
+    assert(!ret);
+    pa->length = len;
+    return pa;
+}
+
+/* Make a one-element padata list of type TEST_PA_TYPE. */
+krb5_pa_data **
+make_pa_list(const char *contents, size_t len)
+{
+    krb5_pa_data **list;
+
+    list = calloc(2, sizeof(*list));
+    assert(list != NULL);
+    list[0] = make_pa(contents, len);
+    return list;
+}
diff --git a/src/plugins/preauth/test/common.h b/src/plugins/preauth/test/common.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b748e08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/plugins/preauth/test/common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
+/* plugins/preauth/test/common.h - Declarations for test preauth module */
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *   distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
+ * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+ * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef COMMON_H
+#define COMMON_H
+
+#define TEST_PA_TYPE -123
+
+krb5_pa_data *make_pa(const char *contents, size_t len);
+krb5_pa_data **make_pa_list(const char *contents, size_t len);
+
+#endif /* COMMON_H */
diff --git a/src/plugins/preauth/test/deps b/src/plugins/preauth/test/deps
index b48f000..b1429e9 100644
--- a/src/plugins/preauth/test/deps
+++ b/src/plugins/preauth/test/deps
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ cltest.so cltest.po $(OUTPRE)cltest.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/autoconf.h \
   $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5.h $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/authdata_plugin.h \
   $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/clpreauth_plugin.h $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/plugin.h \
   $(top_srcdir)/include/port-sockets.h $(top_srcdir)/include/socket-utils.h \
-  cltest.c
+  cltest.c common.h
 kdctest.so kdctest.po $(OUTPRE)kdctest.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/autoconf.h \
   $(BUILDTOP)/include/krb5/krb5.h $(BUILDTOP)/include/osconf.h \
   $(BUILDTOP)/include/profile.h $(COM_ERR_DEPS) $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-buf.h \
@@ -22,4 +22,14 @@ kdctest.so kdctest.po $(OUTPRE)kdctest.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/autoconf.h
   $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5.h $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/authdata_plugin.h \
   $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/kdcpreauth_plugin.h $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/plugin.h \
   $(top_srcdir)/include/port-sockets.h $(top_srcdir)/include/socket-utils.h \
-  kdctest.c
+  common.h kdctest.c
+common.so common.po $(OUTPRE)common.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/autoconf.h \
+  $(BUILDTOP)/include/krb5/krb5.h $(BUILDTOP)/include/osconf.h \
+  $(BUILDTOP)/include/profile.h $(COM_ERR_DEPS) $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-buf.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-err.h $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-gmt_mktime.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-int-pkinit.h $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-int.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-platform.h $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-plugin.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-thread.h $(top_srcdir)/include/k5-trace.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5.h $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/authdata_plugin.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5/plugin.h $(top_srcdir)/include/port-sockets.h \
+  $(top_srcdir)/include/socket-utils.h common.c common.h
diff --git a/src/plugins/preauth/test/kdctest.c b/src/plugins/preauth/test/kdctest.c
index 026dc68..66b7796 100644
--- a/src/plugins/preauth/test/kdctest.c
+++ b/src/plugins/preauth/test/kdctest.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
 /* plugins/preauth/test/kdctest.c - Test kdcpreauth module */
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2015 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
+ * Copyright (C) 2015, 2017 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -40,10 +40,20 @@
  *   key; the encrypted message "no attr" is sent if there is no string
  *   attribute.)  It also sets a cookie containing "method-data".
  *
- * - It retrieves the "2rt" attribute from the client principal.  If set, the
- *   verify method sends the client a KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED error
- *   with the contents of the 2rt attribute as pa-data, and sets a cookie
- *   containing "more".
+ * - If the "err" attribute is set on the client principal, the verify method
+ *   returns an KDC_ERR_ETYPE_NOSUPP error on the first try, with the contents
+ *   of the err attribute as pa-data.  If the client tries again with the
+ *   padata value "tryagain", the verify method preuthenticates successfully
+ *   with no additional processing.
+ *
+ * - If the "failopt" attribute is set on the client principal, the verify
+ *   method returns KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED on optimistic preauth attempts.
+ *
+ * - If the "2rt" attribute is set on client principal, the verify method sends
+ *   the client a KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED error with the contents of
+ *   the 2rt attribute as pa-data, and sets a cookie containing "more".  If the
+ *   "fail2rt" attribute is set on the client principal, the client's second
+ *   try results in a KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED error.
  *
  * - It receives a space-separated list from the clpreauth module and asserts
  *   each string as an authentication indicator.  It always succeeds in
@@ -52,6 +62,7 @@
 
 #include "k5-int.h"
 #include <krb5/kdcpreauth_plugin.h>
+#include "common.h"
 
 #define TEST_PA_TYPE -123
 
@@ -73,11 +84,6 @@ test_edata(krb5_context context, krb5_kdc_req *req,
 
     ret = cb->get_string(context, rock, "teststring", &attr);
     assert(!ret);
-    pa = k5alloc(sizeof(*pa), &ret);
-    assert(!ret);
-    if (pa == NULL)
-        abort();
-    pa->pa_type = TEST_PA_TYPE;
     if (k != NULL) {
         d = string2data((attr != NULL) ? attr : "no attr");
         ret = krb5_c_encrypt_length(context, k->enctype, d.length, &enclen);
@@ -86,12 +92,10 @@ test_edata(krb5_context context, krb5_kdc_req *req,
         assert(!ret);
         ret = krb5_c_encrypt(context, k, 1024, NULL, &d, &enc);
         assert(!ret);
-        pa->contents = (uint8_t *)enc.ciphertext.data;
-        pa->length = enc.ciphertext.length;
+        pa = make_pa(enc.ciphertext.data, enc.ciphertext.length);
+        free(enc.ciphertext.data);
     } else {
-        pa->contents = (uint8_t *)strdup("no key");
-        assert(pa->contents != NULL);
-        pa->length = 6;
+        pa = make_pa("no key", 6);
     }
 
     /* Exercise setting a cookie information from the edata method. */
@@ -111,12 +115,19 @@ test_verify(krb5_context context, krb5_data *req_pkt, krb5_kdc_req *request,
             krb5_kdcpreauth_verify_respond_fn respond, void *arg)
 {
     krb5_error_code ret;
-    krb5_boolean second_round_trip = FALSE;
-    krb5_pa_data **list;
+    krb5_boolean second_round_trip = FALSE, optimistic = FALSE;
+    krb5_pa_data **list = NULL;
     krb5_data cookie_data, d;
-    char *str, *ind, *attr, *toksave = NULL;
+    char *str, *ind, *toksave = NULL;
+    char *attr_err, *attr_2rt, *attr_fail2rt, *attr_failopt;
 
-    ret = cb->get_string(context, rock, "2rt", &attr);
+    ret = cb->get_string(context, rock, "err", &attr_err);
+    assert(!ret);
+    ret = cb->get_string(context, rock, "2rt", &attr_2rt);
+    assert(!ret);
+    ret = cb->get_string(context, rock, "fail2rt", &attr_fail2rt);
+    assert(!ret);
+    ret = cb->get_string(context, rock, "failopt", &attr_failopt);
     assert(!ret);
 
     /* Check the incoming cookie value. */
@@ -124,13 +135,36 @@ test_verify(krb5_context context, krb5_data *req_pkt, krb5_kdc_req *request,
         /* Make sure we are seeing optimistic preauth and not a lost cookie. */
         d = make_data(data->contents, data->length);
         assert(data_eq_string(d, "optimistic"));
+        optimistic = TRUE;
     } else if (data_eq_string(cookie_data, "more")) {
         second_round_trip = TRUE;
     } else {
-        assert(data_eq_string(cookie_data, "method-data"));
+        assert(data_eq_string(cookie_data, "method-data") ||
+               data_eq_string(cookie_data, "err"));
     }
 
-    if (attr == NULL || second_round_trip) {
+    if (attr_err != NULL) {
+        d = make_data(data->contents, data->length);
+        if (data_eq_string(d, "tryagain")) {
+            /* Authenticate successfully. */
+            enc_tkt_reply->flags |= TKT_FLG_PRE_AUTH;
+        } else {
+            d = string2data("err");
+            ret = cb->set_cookie(context, rock, TEST_PA_TYPE, &d);
+            assert(!ret);
+            ret = KRB5KDC_ERR_ETYPE_NOSUPP;
+            list = make_pa_list(attr_err, strlen(attr_err));
+        }
+    } else if (attr_2rt != NULL && !second_round_trip) {
+        d = string2data("more");
+        ret = cb->set_cookie(context, rock, TEST_PA_TYPE, &d);
+        assert(!ret);
+        ret = KRB5KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED;
+        list = make_pa_list(attr_2rt, strlen(attr_2rt));
+    } else if ((attr_fail2rt != NULL && second_round_trip) ||
+               (attr_failopt != NULL && optimistic)) {
+        ret = KRB5KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED;
+    } else {
         /* Parse and assert the indicators. */
         str = k5memdup0(data->contents, data->length, &ret);
         if (ret)
@@ -142,21 +176,13 @@ test_verify(krb5_context context, krb5_data *req_pkt, krb5_kdc_req *request,
         }
         free(str);
         enc_tkt_reply->flags |= TKT_FLG_PRE_AUTH;
-        cb->free_string(context, rock, attr);
-        (*respond)(arg, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-    } else {
-        d = string2data("more");
-        ret = cb->set_cookie(context, rock, TEST_PA_TYPE, &d);
-        list = k5calloc(2, sizeof(*list), &ret);
-        assert(!ret);
-        list[0] = k5alloc(sizeof(*list[0]), &ret);
-        assert(!ret);
-        list[0]->pa_type = TEST_PA_TYPE;
-        list[0]->contents = (uint8_t *)attr;
-        list[0]->length = strlen(attr);
-        (*respond)(arg, KRB5KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED, NULL, list,
-                   NULL);
     }
+
+    cb->free_string(context, rock, attr_err);
+    cb->free_string(context, rock, attr_2rt);
+    cb->free_string(context, rock, attr_fail2rt);
+    cb->free_string(context, rock, attr_failopt);
+    (*respond)(arg, ret, NULL, list, NULL);
 }
 
 static krb5_error_code
diff --git a/src/tests/icred.c b/src/tests/icred.c
index 071f91c..55f929c 100644
--- a/src/tests/icred.c
+++ b/src/tests/icred.c
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
  * it is very simplistic, but it can be extended as needed.
  */
 
+#include "k5-platform.h"
 #include <krb5.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 static krb5_context ctx;
 
@@ -59,29 +59,64 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
     const char *princstr, *password;
     krb5_principal client;
     krb5_init_creds_context icc;
+    krb5_get_init_creds_opt *opt;
     krb5_creds creds;
+    krb5_boolean stepwise = FALSE;
+    krb5_preauthtype ptypes[64];
+    int c, nptypes = 0;
+    char *val;
 
-    if (argc != 3) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: icred princname password\n");
-        exit(1);
+    check(krb5_init_context(&ctx));
+    check(krb5_get_init_creds_opt_alloc(ctx, &opt));
+
+    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "so:X:")) != -1) {
+        switch (c) {
+        case 's':
+            stepwise = TRUE;
+            break;
+        case 'o':
+            assert(nptypes < 64);
+            ptypes[nptypes++] = atoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'X':
+            val = strchr(optarg, '=');
+            if (val != NULL)
+                *val++ = '\0';
+            else
+                val = "yes";
+            check(krb5_get_init_creds_opt_set_pa(ctx, opt, optarg, val));
+            break;
+        default:
+            abort();
+        }
     }
-    princstr = argv[1];
-    password = argv[2];
 
-    check(krb5_init_context(&ctx));
+    argc -= optind;
+    argv += optind;
+    if (argc != 2)
+        abort();
+    princstr = argv[0];
+    password = argv[1];
+
     check(krb5_parse_name(ctx, princstr, &client));
 
-    /* Try once with the traditional interface. */
-    check(krb5_get_init_creds_password(ctx, &creds, client, password, NULL,
-                                       NULL, 0, NULL, NULL));
-    krb5_free_cred_contents(ctx, &creds);
+    if (nptypes > 0)
+        krb5_get_init_creds_opt_set_preauth_list(opt, ptypes, nptypes);
 
-    /* Try again with the step interface. */
-    check(krb5_init_creds_init(ctx, client, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, &icc));
-    check(krb5_init_creds_set_password(ctx, icc, password));
-    check(krb5_init_creds_get(ctx, icc));
-    krb5_init_creds_free(ctx, icc);
+    if (stepwise) {
+        /* Use the stepwise interface. */
+        check(krb5_init_creds_init(ctx, client, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, &icc));
+        check(krb5_init_creds_set_password(ctx, icc, password));
+        check(krb5_init_creds_get(ctx, icc));
+        krb5_init_creds_free(ctx, icc);
+    } else {
+        /* Use the traditional one-shot interface. */
+        check(krb5_get_init_creds_password(ctx, &creds, client, password, NULL,
+                                           NULL, 0, NULL, opt));
+        krb5_free_cred_contents(ctx, &creds);
+    }
 
+    krb5_get_init_creds_opt_free(ctx, opt);
     krb5_free_principal(ctx, client);
     krb5_free_context(ctx);
     return 0;
diff --git a/src/tests/t_general.py b/src/tests/t_general.py
index 6621b72..91ad0cb 100755
--- a/src/tests/t_general.py
+++ b/src/tests/t_general.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ conf={'plugins': {'pwqual': {'disable': 'empty'}}}
 realm = K5Realm(create_user=False, create_host=False, krb5_conf=conf)
 realm.run([kadminl, 'addprinc', '-pw', '', 'user'])
 realm.run(['./icred', 'user', ''])
+realm.run(['./icred', '-s', 'user', ''])
 realm.stop()
 
 realm = K5Realm(create_host=False)
diff --git a/src/tests/t_pkinit.py b/src/tests/t_pkinit.py
index 2dc057f..d1d4972 100755
--- a/src/tests/t_pkinit.py
+++ b/src/tests/t_pkinit.py
@@ -172,14 +172,20 @@ realm.klist(realm.user_princ)
 
 # Test a DH parameter renegotiation by temporarily setting a 4096-bit
 # minimum on the KDC.  (Preauth type 16 is PKINIT PA_PK_AS_REQ;
-# 133 is FAST PA-FX-COOKIE.)
+# 109 is PKINIT TD_DH_PARAMETERS; 133 is FAST PA-FX-COOKIE.)
 minbits_kdc_conf = {'realms': {'$realm': {'pkinit_dh_min_bits': '4096'}}}
 minbits_env = realm.special_env('restrict', True, kdc_conf=minbits_kdc_conf)
 realm.stop_kdc()
 realm.start_kdc(env=minbits_env)
-expected_trace = ('Key parameters not accepted',
-                  'Preauth tryagain input types',
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Preauth module pkinit (16) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, 16',
+                  '/Key parameters not accepted',
+                  'Preauth tryagain input types (16): 109, 133',
                   'trying again with KDC-provided parameters',
+                  'Preauth module pkinit (16) tryagain returned: 0/Success',
                   'Followup preauth for next request: 16, 133')
 realm.kinit(realm.user_princ,
             flags=['-X', 'X509_user_identity=%s' % file_identity],
diff --git a/src/tests/t_preauth.py b/src/tests/t_preauth.py
index 3acd409..fec0bf6 100644
--- a/src/tests/t_preauth.py
+++ b/src/tests/t_preauth.py
@@ -14,9 +14,161 @@ realm.kinit(realm.user_princ, password('user'), expected_msg='testval')
 realm.kinit('nokeyuser', password('user'), expected_code=1,
             expected_msg='no key')
 
-# Exercise KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED and secure cookies.
+# Preauth type -123 is the test preauth module type; 133 is FAST
+# PA-FX-COOKIE; 2 is encrypted timestamp.
+
+# Test normal preauth flow.
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_msg='testval', expected_trace=expected_trace)
+
+# Test successful optimistic preauth.
+expected_trace = ('Attempting optimistic preauth',
+                  'Processing preauth types: -123',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: -123',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', '-o', '-123', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_trace=expected_trace)
+
+# Test optimistic preauth failing on client, followed by successful
+# preauth using the same module.
+expected_trace = ('Attempting optimistic preauth',
+                  'Processing preauth types: -123',
+                  '/induced optimistic fail',
+                  'Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', '-o', '-123', '-X', 'fail_optimistic', realm.user_princ,
+           password('user')], expected_msg='testval',
+          expected_trace=expected_trace)
+
+# Test optimistic preauth failing on KDC, followed by successful preauth
+# using the same module.
+realm.run([kadminl, 'setstr', realm.user_princ, 'failopt', 'yes'])
+expected_trace = ('Attempting optimistic preauth',
+                  'Processing preauth types: -123',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: -123',
+                  '/Preauthentication failed',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', '-o', '-123', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_msg='testval', expected_trace=expected_trace)
+realm.run([kadminl, 'delstr', realm.user_princ, 'failopt'])
+
+# Test KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED and secure cookies.
 realm.run([kadminl, 'setstr', realm.user_princ, '2rt', 'secondtrip'])
-realm.kinit(realm.user_princ, password('user'), expected_msg='2rt: secondtrip')
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  '/More preauthentication data is required',
+                  'Continuing preauth mech -123',
+                  'Processing preauth types: -123, 133',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_msg='2rt: secondtrip', expected_trace=expected_trace)
+
+# Test client-side failure after KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED,
+# falling back to encrypted timestamp.
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  '/More preauthentication data is required',
+                  'Continuing preauth mech -123',
+                  'Processing preauth types: -123, 133',
+                  '/induced 2rt fail',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Encrypted timestamp (for ',
+                  'module encrypted_timestamp (2) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, 2',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', '-X', 'fail_2rt', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_msg='2rt: secondtrip', expected_trace=expected_trace)
+
+# Test KDC-side failure after KDC_ERR_MORE_PREAUTH_DATA_REQUIRED,
+# falling back to encrypted timestamp.
+realm.run([kadminl, 'setstr', realm.user_princ, 'fail2rt', 'yes'])
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  '/More preauthentication data is required',
+                  'Continuing preauth mech -123',
+                  'Processing preauth types: -123, 133',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  '/Preauthentication failed',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Encrypted timestamp (for ',
+                  'module encrypted_timestamp (2) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, 2',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_msg='2rt: secondtrip', expected_trace=expected_trace)
+realm.run([kadminl, 'delstr', realm.user_princ, 'fail2rt'])
+
+# Test tryagain flow by inducing a KDC_ERR_ENCTYPE_NOSUPP error on the KDC.
+realm.run([kadminl, 'setstr', realm.user_princ, 'err', 'testagain'])
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  '/KDC has no support for encryption type',
+                  'Recovering from KDC error 14 using preauth mech -123',
+                  'Preauth tryagain input types (-123): -123, 133',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) tryagain returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Followup preauth for next request: -123, 133',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', realm.user_princ, password('user')],
+          expected_msg='tryagain: testagain', expected_trace=expected_trace)
+
+# Test a client-side tryagain failure, falling back to encrypted
+# timestamp.
+expected_trace = ('Sending unauthenticated request',
+                  '/Additional pre-authentication required',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Preauth module test (-123) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, -123',
+                  '/KDC has no support for encryption type',
+                  'Recovering from KDC error 14 using preauth mech -123',
+                  'Preauth tryagain input types (-123): -123, 133',
+                  '/induced tryagain fail',
+                  'Preauthenticating using KDC method data',
+                  'Processing preauth types:',
+                  'Encrypted timestamp (for ',
+                  'module encrypted_timestamp (2) (real) returned: 0/Success',
+                  'Produced preauth for next request: 133, 2',
+                  'Decrypted AS reply')
+realm.run(['./icred', '-X', 'fail_tryagain', realm.user_princ,
+           password('user')], expected_trace=expected_trace)
 
 # Test that multiple stepwise initial creds operations can be
 # performed with the same krb5_context, with proper tracking of


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