[panda-users] taint segmentation fault
xiaojuan Li
xiaotan6666 at gmail.com
Mon Apr 20 23:28:19 EDT 2015
use the new version, but still segfault :(
opening nondet log for read :
/home/shentanli/pandanew/scripts/api414-4-20-rr-nondet.log
api414-4-20: 81316759 ( 1.04%) instrs. 7.49 sec. 0.61 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 156342747 ( 2.00%) instrs. 16.14 sec. 0.69 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 234368551 ( 3.00%) instrs. 25.29 sec. 0.76 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 312493247 ( 4.00%) instrs. 36.09 sec. 0.83 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 390616091 ( 5.00%) instrs. 44.62 sec. 0.87 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 468738195 ( 6.00%) instrs. 50.08 sec. 0.90 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 547631582 ( 7.01%) instrs. 54.95 sec. 0.93 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 624983872 ( 8.00%) instrs. 58.64 sec. 0.94 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 703122355 ( 9.00%) instrs. 61.98 sec. 0.94 GB ram.
api414-4-20: 783198179 ( 10.03%) instrs. 65.80 sec. 0.95 GB ram.
READ Match of str 0 at: instr_count=812336749 : 72a7562e b6cb2e02 0d36c000
tstringsearch: thestring = [passwordisqemu]
tstringsearch: 70 61 73 73 77 6f 72 64 69 73 71 65 6d 75
tstringsearch: string in memory @ 0xa70d6212
enabling taint at instr count 812336749
taint2: __taint_enable_taint
taint2: Creating byte-level taint processor
taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes).
taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
Cannot allocate memory
taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (12800000 bytes) using malloc @
7f38ff62e010.
taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (256 bytes) using malloc @ 17cda900.
taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (1024 bytes) using malloc @ 17cd91f0.
taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (867840 bytes) using malloc @ 17d24e70.
taint2: Linking taint ops from
/home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_taint2_ops.bc
taint2: Done initializing taint transformation.
taint2: Done processing helper functions for taint.
taint2: Done verifying module. Running...
****************************************************************************
applying taint labels to search string of length 14 @ p=0xa70d6212
******************************************************************************
Segmentation fault
2015-04-20 23:18 GMT-04:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> That was caused by some code that was left in by mistake from another
> branch of the project. I have fixed it and pushed the change. Once
> again you will need to do git pull && make clean && ./build.sh to
> rebuild.
>
> Hopefully this will fix things for you!
>
> -Brendan
>
> On Mon, Apr 20, 2015 at 11:11 PM, xiaojuan Li <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
> > it is the path that caused terminated.
> > i can find that panda_hypercall_struct.h in
> > /qemu/panda_tools/pirate_utils/linux direcroty
> >
> > 2015-04-20 23:02 GMT-04:00 xiaojuan Li <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>:
> >
> >> while rebuild:
> >> taint2.cpp:109:61: fatal error:
> >> ../../../../lava/include/panda_hypercall_struct.h: No such file or
> directory
> >> compilation terminated.
> >> miss some files to push?
> >>
> >>
> >> 2015-04-20 22:56 GMT-04:00 xiaojuan Li <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>:
> >>
> >>> you mean that it caused by "allocate at a fixed address"
> >>> i am going to try and thanks.
> >>>
> >>> 2015-04-20 22:53 GMT-04:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt <brendandg at gatech.edu
> >:
> >>>
> >>>> Ah! I forgot to push the commit I made to stop it from trying to
> >>>> allocate at a fixed address.
> >>>>
> >>>> Could you do a git pull, rebuild, and try again?
> >>>>
> >>>> -Brendan
> >>>>
> >>>> On Mon, Apr 20, 2015 at 10:51 PM, xiaojuan Li <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> >>>> wrote:
> >>>> > 1. the command i use is :
> >>>> > ./qemu-system-arm 0m 512 -replay api414-4-20 -M android_arm -kernel
> >>>> > /dev/null -android -panda
> >>>> > "stringsearch:name=test;tstringsearch;tainted_instr"
> >>>> > 2.the output is:
> >>>> > Adding PANDA arg stringsearch:name=test.
> >>>> > adding
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_stringsearch.so
> >>>> > to panda_plugin_files 0
> >>>> > adding
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_tstringsearch.so
> >>>> > to panda_plugin_files 1
> >>>> > adding
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_tainted_instr.so
> >>>> > to panda_plugin_files 2
> >>>> > emulator: registered 'boot-properties' qemud service
> >>>> > emulator: Adding boot property: 'dalvik.vm.heapsize' = '48m'
> >>>> > emulator: Adding boot property: 'qemu.sf.fake_camera' = 'both'
> >>>> > emulator: Adding boot property: 'qemu.hw.mainkeys' = '0'
> >>>> > loading
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_stringsearch.so
> >>>> > Initializing plugin stringsearch
> >>>> > panda_require: callstack_instr
> >>>> > loading
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_callstack_instr.so
> >>>> > Initializing plugin callstack_instr
> >>>> > Success
> >>>> > stringsearch: added string of length 14 to search set
> >>>> > Success
> >>>> > loading
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_tstringsearch.so
> >>>> > Initializing tstringsearch
> >>>> > panda_require: stringsearch
> >>>> > panda_load_plugin:
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_stringsearch.so
> >>>> > already loaded
> >>>> > panda_require: taint2
> >>>> > loading
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_taint2.so
> >>>> > Initializing taint plugin
> >>>> > taint2: Instructed not to inline taint ops.
> >>>> > panda_require: callstack_instr
> >>>> > panda_load_plugin:
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_callstack_instr.so
> >>>> > already loaded
> >>>> > Success
> >>>> > Success
> >>>> > loading
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_tainted_instr.so
> >>>> > panda_require: taint2
> >>>> > panda_load_plugin:
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_taint2.so
> >>>> > already loaded
> >>>> > panda_require: callstack_instr
> >>>> > panda_load_plugin:
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_callstack_instr.so
> >>>> > already loaded
> >>>> > Success
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_device_bus, base ff001000 1000, irq 1
> 1
> >>>> > goldfish_device_bus: ff001000 30
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_int, base ff000000 1000, irq 0 0
> >>>> > goldfish_int: ff000000 38
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_timer, base ff003000 1000, irq 3 1
> >>>> > goldfish_timer: ff003000 40
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_rtc, base ff010000 1000, irq 10 1
> >>>> > goldfish_rtc: ff010000 48
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_tty, base ff002000 1000, irq 4 1
> >>>> > goldfish_tty: ff002000 50
> >>>> > android_arm_init serial 1 0
> >>>> > android_arm_init serial 2 0
> >>>> > android_arm_init serial 3 0
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: smc91x, base ff011000 1000, irq 11 1
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_fb, base ff012000 1000, irq 12 1
> >>>> > goldfish_fb: ff012000 68
> >>>> > Using tmpfile for SD card: /tmp/android-shentanli/emulator-P6kmpf
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_mmc, base ff005000 1000, irq 13 1
> >>>> > goldfish_mmc: ff005000 70
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_memlog, base ff006000 1000, irq 0 0
> >>>> > goldfish_memlog: ff006000 78
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish-battery, base ff013000 1000, irq 14 1
> >>>> > goldfish-battery: ff013000 80
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_events, base ff014000 1000, irq 15 1
> >>>> > goldfish_events: ff014000 88
> >>>> > Using event IRQ
> >>>> > Invalid system partition size for non-QCOW image: 0emulator:
> geometry
> >>>> > says
> >>>> > there are 0 blocks
> >>>> >
> >>>> > emulator: Dev size of /tmp/android-shentanli/emulator-jxC2Uf is 0
> >>>> >
> >>>> > Invalid data partition size for non-QCOW image: 0emulator: Dev size
> >>>> > 0x0 came
> >>>> > from argument
> >>>> >
> >>>> > emulator: geometry says there are 0 blocks
> >>>> >
> >>>> > emulator: Dev size of /tmp/android-shentanli/emulator-2FZLqg is 0
> >>>> >
> >>>> > emulator: Dev size 0x0 came from argument
> >>>> >
> >>>> > emulator: geometry says there are 0 blocks
> >>>> >
> >>>> > emulator: Dev size of /tmp/android-shentanli/emulator-lyszWg is 0
> >>>> >
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: goldfish_nand, base ff015000 1000, irq 16 1
> >>>> > goldfish_nand: ff015000 90
> >>>> > goldfish_add_device: qemu_pipe, base ff016000 2000, irq 17 1
> >>>> > qemu_pipe: ff016000 98
> >>>> > emulator: control console listening on port 5554, ADB on port 5555
> >>>> > emulator: can't connect to ADB server: Connection refused
> >>>> > emulator: Realistic sensor emulation is not available, since the
> >>>> > remote
> >>>> > controller is not accessible:
> >>>> > Connection refused
> >>>> > loading snapshot
> >>>> > emulator: Adding boot property: 'dalvik.vm.heapsize' = '48m'
> >>>> > emulator: Adding boot property: 'qemu.sf.fake_camera' = 'both'
> >>>> > emulator: Adding boot property: 'qemu.hw.mainkeys' = '0'
> >>>> > Unknown savevm section or instance 'goldfish_tty' 1
> >>>> > ... done.
> >>>> >
> >>>> > Logging all cpu states
> >>>> > CPU #0:
> >>>> > R00=00000000 R01=c049bcb8 R02=00000000 R03=00000000
> >>>> > R04=c0480000 R05=c04b9948 R06=c048fd34 R07=c047b374
> >>>> > R08=c0a05100 R09=410fc090 R10=00000000 R11=00000000
> >>>> > R12=c049bcb8 R13=c0481fb0 R14=c000e3f4 R15=c00158c8
> >>>> > PSR=60000093 -ZC- A svc32
> >>>> > opening nondet log for read :
> >>>> > /home/shentanli/pandanew/scripts/api414-4-20-rr-nondet.log
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 81316759 ( 1.04%) instrs. 7.52 sec. 0.61 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 156342747 ( 2.00%) instrs. 15.90 sec. 0.69 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 234368551 ( 3.00%) instrs. 24.93 sec. 0.76 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 312493247 ( 4.00%) instrs. 35.45 sec. 0.83 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 390616091 ( 5.00%) instrs. 43.97 sec. 0.87 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 468738195 ( 6.00%) instrs. 49.32 sec. 0.90 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 547631582 ( 7.01%) instrs. 54.12 sec. 0.93 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 624983872 ( 8.00%) instrs. 57.67 sec. 0.94 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 703122355 ( 9.00%) instrs. 60.94 sec. 0.94 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > api414-4-20: 783198179 ( 10.03%) instrs. 64.60 sec. 0.95 GB
> ram.
> >>>> > READ Match of str 0 at: instr_count=812336749 : 72a7562e b6cb2e02
> >>>> > 0d36c000
> >>>> > tstringsearch: thestring = [passwordisqemu]
> >>>> > tstringsearch: 70 61 73 73 77 6f 72 64 69 73 71 65 6d 75
> >>>> > tstringsearch: string in memory @ 0xa70d6212
> >>>> > enabling taint at instr count 812336749
> >>>> > taint2: __taint_enable_taint
> >>>> > taint2: Creating byte-level taint processor
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x10000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x20000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x30000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x40000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x50000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x60000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x70000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x80000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes) @
> >>>> > 0x90000000000.
> >>>> > taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> > Cannot allocate memory
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (12800000 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> > 7f8b608d0010.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (256 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> > 16be2a70.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (1024 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> > 171c3540.
> >>>> > taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (867840 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> > 1720ddd0.
> >>>> > taint2: Linking taint ops from
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> /home/shentanli/pandanew/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_taint2_ops.bc
> >>>> > taint2: Done initializing taint transformation.
> >>>> > taint2: Done processing helper functions for taint.
> >>>> > taint2: Done verifying module. Running...
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> ****************************************************************************
> >>>> > applying taint labels to search string of length 14 @ p=0xa70d6212
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> ******************************************************************************
> >>>> > Segmentation fault
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> > 2015-04-20 22:42 GMT-04:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> > <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >
> >>>> >> I am currently running your taint replay, and it is (so far)
> working
> >>>> >> fine. Here is the (slightly abbreviated) output I get:
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> api414-4-20: 783198179 ( 10.03%) instrs. 218.26 sec. 0.96 GB
> ram.
> >>>> >> READ Match of str 0 at: instr_count=812336749 : 72a7562e b6cb2e02
> >>>> >> 0d36c000
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: thestring = [passwordisqemu]
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: 70 61 73 73 77 6f 72 64 69 73 71 65 6d 75
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: string in memory @ 0xa70d6212
> >>>> >> enabling taint at instr count 812336749
> >>>> >> taint2: __taint_enable_taint
> >>>> >> taint2: Creating byte-level taint processor
> >>>> >> taint2: Allocating large fast_shad (8589934592 bytes).
> >>>> >> taint2: Hugetlb failed. Trying without.
> >>>> >> taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (12800000 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> >> 7fdd165c6010.
> >>>> >> taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (256 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> >> 7fdd0bec21a0.
> >>>> >> taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (1024 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> >> 7fdcfc49ddc0.
> >>>> >> taint2: Allocating small fast_shad (867840 bytes) using malloc @
> >>>> >> 7fdcfc4e7db0.
> >>>> >> taint2: Linking taint ops from
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> /scratch/git/pandroid/qemu/arm-softmmu/panda_plugins/panda_taint2_ops.bc
> >>>> >> taint2: Done initializing taint transformation.
> >>>> >> taint2: Done processing helper functions for taint.
> >>>> >> taint2: Done verifying module. Running...
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ****************************************************************************
> >>>> >> applying taint labels to search string of length 14 @ p=0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ******************************************************************************
> >>>> >> READ Match of str 0 at: instr_count=812336765 : 72a7562e b6cb2a2a
> >>>> >> 0d36c000
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: thestring = [passwordisqemu]
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: 70 61 73 73 77 6f 72 64 69 73 71 65 6d 75
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: string in memory @ 0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ****************************************************************************
> >>>> >> applying taint labels to search string of length 14 @ p=0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ******************************************************************************
> >>>> >> READ Match of str 0 at: instr_count=812337316 : 72a7562e b6cb2e4a
> >>>> >> 0d36c000
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: thestring = [passwordisqemu]
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: 70 61 73 73 77 6f 72 64 69 73 71 65 6d 75
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: string in memory @ 0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ****************************************************************************
> >>>> >> applying taint labels to search string of length 14 @ p=0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ******************************************************************************
> >>>> >> READ Match of str 0 at: instr_count=812337331 : 72a7562e b6cb2a2a
> >>>> >> 0d36c000
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: thestring = [passwordisqemu]
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: 70 61 73 73 77 6f 72 64 69 73 71 65 6d 75
> >>>> >> tstringsearch: string in memory @ 0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ****************************************************************************
> >>>> >> applying taint labels to search string of length 14 @ p=0xa70d6212
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >>
> ******************************************************************************
> >>>> >> api414-4-20: 859399601 ( 11.00%) instrs. 658.13 sec. 3.27 GB
> ram.
> >>>> >> api414-4-20: 937474512 ( 12.00%) instrs. 1017.48 sec. 4.70 GB
> ram.
> >>>> >> api414-4-20: 1015597970 ( 13.00%) instrs. 1265.76 sec. 5.58 GB
> ram.
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> My command line to replay was:
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> arm-softmmu/qemu-system-arm -m 512 -replay api414-4-20 -M
> android_arm
> >>>> >> -cpu cortex-a9 -android -kernel /dev/null -pandalog api.log -panda
> >>>> >> 'stringsearch:name=api;tstringsearch;tainted_instr'
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> From the screenshot you posted earlier, it looks like yours had
> >>>> >> already failed by this point. If you are still getting a segfault
> >>>> >> with
> >>>> >> this replay, could you post:
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> 1. The full command line you are using (as text, not a screenshot)
> >>>> >> 2. The full output from PANDA up to the point where the segfault
> >>>> >> happens (as text, not a screenshot)
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> -Brendan
> >>>> >>
> >>>> >> On Mon, Apr 20, 2015 at 7:57 PM, xiaojuan Li <
> xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> >>>> >> wrote:
> >>>> >> > i know you are busy.
> >>>> >> > I just get stuck in this taint step but have no idea no fix
> >>>> >> > it...(use
> >>>> >> > core
> >>>> >> > dump to find where it segfault )
> >>>> >> > here is the 512M version:
> >>>> >> > http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mgopzIg
> >>>> >> > the content of search string .txt is "passwordisqemu"
> >>>> >> > thanks!
> >>>> >> >
> >>>> >> > 2015-04-20 11:32 GMT-04:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> >> > <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >> >
> >>>> >> >> I will try to reproduce from those instructions in the next
> couple
> >>>> >> >> days.
> >>>> >> >> Sorry for the delay! Did you post the .rr of the recording with
> >>>> >> >> 512M
> >>>> >> >> somewhere? I only saw the 2G one.
> >>>> >> >>
> >>>> >> >> Thanks,
> >>>> >> >> Brendan
> >>>> >> >>
> >>>> >> >> On Mon, Apr 20, 2015 at 8:07 AM, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> >>>> >> >> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>> about the taint segfault, if you cannot download that .rr i
> >>>> >> >>> upload
> >>>> >> >>> before, you can follow the step to reproduce:
> >>>> >> >>> 1)use android studio to create avd, choose api21 target android
> >>>> >> >>> 5.0.1
> >>>> >> >>> use
> >>>> >> >>> the default size;you can get the cache-img,sdcard.img,data.img
> >>>> >> >>> and
> >>>> >> >>> system.img and then copy kernel-qemu & rmdisk.img from
> >>>> >> >>> sdk/systemimg;
> >>>> >> >>> 2)use pandaCovert.py to convert them and get the
> >>>> >> >>> (cache,data,system)-pandroid.qcow2 as well as kernel and
> >>>> >> >>> initramfs;
> >>>> >> >>> 3)use runpandroid.py(-m 512) to boot emulator;telnet and
> >>>> >> >>> begin_record
> >>>> >> >>> 4)run an app and input a string : end_record;
> >>>> >> >>> 5)use qemu-system-arm to replay(-m 512) with the panda
> >>>> >> >>> plugins:stringsearch,tstringsearch;tainted_instr.(the search
> >>>> >> >>> string
> >>>> >> >>> .txt is
> >>>> >> >>> the string you input)
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>> do you guys get the segfault ?
> >>>> >> >>> how can i fix it?
> >>>> >> >>> Thanks a lot!
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>> 2015-04-20 17:51 GMT+08:00 xiaojuan Li <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com
> >:
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>> excuse me, i have noticed that the ida_taint plugin:"win7 only
> >>>> >> >>>> but
> >>>> >> >>>> othre
> >>>> >> >>>> os could be easily added".
> >>>> >> >>>> i have installed ida pro in my system(debian),modified the
> >>>> >> >>>> ida_taint.bat
> >>>> >> >>>> with my ida path,when i use it :./ida_taint.bat name.json
> >>>> >> >>>> qemu-system-arm
> >>>> >> >>>> it failed. it seems not available in linux, is it?
> >>>> >> >>>> Thanks a lot!
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>> 2015-04-10 21:24 GMT-04:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> >> >>>> <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>> Once you have used PANDA's taint system to identify the
> >>>> >> >>>>> portions of
> >>>> >> >>>>> the
> >>>> >> >>>>> code that process the data you're interested in, you will
> still
> >>>> >> >>>>> have
> >>>> >> >>>>> to
> >>>> >> >>>>> analyze that code do understand how it works. One way to do
> >>>> >> >>>>> that
> >>>> >> >>>>> might be to
> >>>> >> >>>>> use the scissors plugin to extract out the portion of the
> trace
> >>>> >> >>>>> that
> >>>> >> >>>>> contains the code you're interested in, and then replay it
> with
> >>>> >> >>>>> QEMU's "-d
> >>>> >> >>>>> in_asm -D asmlog.txt" options to get the disassembly for that
> >>>> >> >>>>> code.
> >>>> >> >>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>> Alternatively, you could take a memory snapshot at some point
> >>>> >> >>>>> when
> >>>> >> >>>>> the
> >>>> >> >>>>> code you want to analyze is in memory (using something like
> the
> >>>> >> >>>>> pmemsave
> >>>> >> >>>>> plugin in PANDA), then use Volatility to analyze that memory
> >>>> >> >>>>> image
> >>>> >> >>>>> to
> >>>> >> >>>>> extract out the binary, which you could look at in IDA or
> >>>> >> >>>>> something
> >>>> >> >>>>> similar.
> >>>> >> >>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>> Basically – disassemble the code that handles the data you're
> >>>> >> >>>>> interested in and find out how it works. Exactly what that
> >>>> >> >>>>> means
> >>>> >> >>>>> will depend
> >>>> >> >>>>> on what you're hoping to accomplish.
> >>>> >> >>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>> -Brendan
> >>>> >> >>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>> On Fri, Apr 10, 2015 at 9:07 PM, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> >>>> >> >>>>> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>> Hi,
> >>>> >> >>>>>> Thanks for your job first.
> >>>> >> >>>>>> I am a little confused about the result of the tainted.how
> can
> >>>> >> >>>>>> I
> >>>> >> >>>>>> get
> >>>> >> >>>>>> enough information about the processing code from the
> binary?
> >>>> >> >>>>>> use
> >>>> >> >>>>>> the gdb?
> >>>> >> >>>>>> Thanks!
> >>>> >> >>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>> 2015-04-10 12:05 GMT+08:00 xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>> Thanks for your guys great work!
> >>>> >> >>>>>>> and I will try.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>> 2015-04-10 11:42 GMT+08:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> >> >>>>>>> <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> Hi,
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> Tim has just updated the tainted_instructions tutorial so
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> that it
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> reflects how things work now. Could you look through that
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> tutorial and see
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> if it helps with your problem?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> https://github.com/moyix/panda/blob/master/docs/tainted_instructions.md
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> Note that you will probably need to do a "git pull" and
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> rebuild
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> (make clean ; ./build.sh) in order to make sure everything
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> works
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> as it says
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> in the tutorial.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> -Brendan
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> On Thu, Apr 9, 2015 at 9:30 AM, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> Now that the panda taint.md is not fresh,can you guys
> give
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> me
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> some
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> help?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> I use the replay plugin,here is my command and the
> result.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> the content of pk_search_strings.txt is :"sdt"
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> I am confused here:in the paper— Repeatable reverse with
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> panda:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> :
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> it is clear that:if I use the stringsearch and taint
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> plugin,when
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> it
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> matches, the taint label will be put and then taint
> action
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> will
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> start.but
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> when I use it, it seems wrong(the picture showed
> before):no
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> taint action
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> execute,and i am confused about the tstringsearch's
> result.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> how can i use it to analysis?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> Thanks a lot!
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> 2015-04-08 10:14 GMT+08:00 xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> I get the replay file by running runandroid script. and
> i
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> use
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> qemu-system-arm command just to do some replay work.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> I may not understand you at all in this emal.do you mean
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> that i
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> should gdb the original program rather than the record
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> file?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> Thansk
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> 2015-04-08 9:52 GMT+08:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> Hmm. gdb should normally stop when you get a segfault.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> Are you by any chance running PANDA using the
> runandroid
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> script?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> If so, you will need to instead invoke PANDA manually,
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> i.e.:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> gdb --args arm-softmmu/qemu-system-arm [...]
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> And then once it crashes, type "bt" at the gdb prompt
> to
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> get a
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> backtrace.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> -Brendan
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Apr 7, 2015 at 9:47 PM, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>> when gdb,it shows:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>> and then i see the log:it shows segfault:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>> 2015-04-08 9:03 GMT+08:00 xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> maybe i am wrong.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> i use the command
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> line:"taint2:label_mode=binary,query_outgoing_network=1"and
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> I found that
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> when i use taint2, after it loads panda_taint2.so,it
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> shows:"taint2:instructed not to inline taint ops
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> .success".
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> 2015-04-08 8:54 GMT+08:00 xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> ok.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> 1.I want to use taint plugin to get information
> about
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> some
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> functions(of course, it is closed-source),so I
> think I
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> can
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> stringsearch
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> potential data and then taint them and next I can
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> locate
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> the functions which
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> solves these data.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2.the command line I used is :
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> stringsearch:name=***;taint2:tainted_instructions=1.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> thanks
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2015-04-08 8:40 GMT+08:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Could you provide:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 1. What information you're trying to get
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2. The command line you're using to run PANDA with
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> taint2
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> plugin
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Right now I believe taint2 does not produce very
> much
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> output
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> by default. Instead you use the -pandalog
> <filename>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> command line option,
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and taint2 will write its results there in pandalog
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> format; you can then
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> read them using pandalog_reader (see
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> panda/pandalog_reader.c for details on
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> that tool).
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -Brendan
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Apr 7, 2015 at 8:32 PM, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> when I tried taint2,it showed the same error with
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> taint1,
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the olny difference is that taint2 has no segfault
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> error,just uninit taint
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> plugin.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2015-04-08 8:28 GMT+08:00 Brendan Dolan-Gavitt
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <brendandg at gatech.edu>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Could you be a little more descriptive about how
> it
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> failed?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Segfault? Error message? Incorrect output?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -Brendan
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Apr 7, 2015 at 8:27 PM, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> i tried taint2 too,it failed.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2015-04-07 5:20 GMT+08:00 Leek, Timothy - 0559 -
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MITLL
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <tleek at ll.mit.edu>:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Also note that the “taint” plugin is somewhat
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> defunct.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> “taint2” is the one we are actively using and
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> developing.
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Tim Leek
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Technical Staff
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Cyber System Assessments
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MIT Lincoln Laboratory
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 781-981-2975
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> From: Brendan Dolan-Gavitt <
> brendandg at gatech.edu>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Date: Monday, April 6, 2015 at 5:18 PM
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> To: xiaojuan Li <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Cc: "panda-users at mit.edu" <panda-users at mit.edu
> >
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Subject: Re: [panda-users] taint segmentation
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fault
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Could you run that under gdb and provide us
> with
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> a
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> backtrace when it crashes?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -Brendan
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Sunday, April 5, 2015, xiaojuan Li
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <xiaotan6666 at gmail.com> wrote:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Hi,
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> excuse me,i have a question about taint
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> plugin:(stringsearch:name=***;taint:tainted_instructions=1)
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> when I started it showed success:
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> but when it finished search,it showd "uninit
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> taint
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> plugin segementation fault"
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> how can I fix it?
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Thanks a lot!
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> _______________________________________________
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> panda-users mailing list
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> panda-users at mit.edu
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/panda-users
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>>
> >>>> >> >>>> --
> >>>> >> >>>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>>
> >>>> >> >>> --
> >>>> >> >>> wait and hope~~
> >>>> >> >>
> >>>> >> >>
> >>>> >> >
> >>>> >> >
> >>>> >> >
> >>>> >> > --
> >>>> >> > wait and hope~~
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> > --
> >>>> > wait and hope~~
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> --
> >>> wait and hope~~
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> --
> >> wait and hope~~
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > --
> > wait and hope~~
>
--
wait and hope~~
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