<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoTitle" style="margin-right:-.5in"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman""><b>Seminar
on<o:p></o:p></b></span></p><p class="MsoTitle" style="margin-right:-.5in"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="letter-spacing: 2px; "><b>Modern Optics and Spectroscopy</b></span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:-29.9pt"><span style="color: black; font-style: normal; ">Cooperation and reversibility in microbial
evolution</span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:-29.9pt"><span style="color: black; font-style: normal; "></span><b>Jeff Gore</b><span style="letter-spacing: 1pt; ">,</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="letter-spacing: 1px; ">Massachusetts Institute of
Technology</span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:-29.9pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="letter-spacing: 1px; "></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="letter-spacing: 1px; ">Tuesday, April 19, 2011</span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:-29.9pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="letter-spacing: 1px; "></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="letter-spacing: 1px; ">12:00 – 1:00 p.m.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 1pt; "> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line
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<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; color: navy; "> <o:p></o:p></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; ">Quantitative experiments with microbes are providing new
opportunities to test fundamental theories in evolution. In this talk I will
describe recent experiments in which we have used antibiotic resistance in
bacteria as a model system to probe 1) the degree to which evolution is
reversible and 2) the conditions required for the evolution of cooperative
behaviors. In the first project, we are investigating whether bacterial
adaptations to an antibiotic can be reversed by adapting to a second antibiotic
environment. In the second project, we are studying how bacteria
cooperatively inactivate antibiotics. The cooperative nature of this
growth means that bacterial "cheating" limits the evolution of
antibiotic resistance. We find that in many cases a cheater strain
lacking the plasmid conferring resistance is able to take advantage of and
outgrow a population of resistant bacteria.</span>
<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"> <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"> <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"> <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center">Grier Room, MIT Bldg 34-401<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center">Refreshments served after the lecture<o:p></o:p></p>
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