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<p class=event1texttitle><span class=apple-style-span><b><font size=2
color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
15.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#0070C0;font-weight:bold'>The Feasibility of CO2 Mineralization as a
Climate Change Mitigation Option</span></font></b></span><font size=2
color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#0070C0'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><span class=apple-style-span><b><font size=2 color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#0070C0;font-weight:bold'>Kurt Zenz House <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></span></p>
<p><span class=apple-style-span><b><font size=2 color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#0070C0;font-weight:bold'>Friday,
November 5</span></font></b></span><font size=2 color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#0070C0'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><span class=apple-style-span><b><font size=2 color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#0070C0;font-weight:bold'>2:00–3:30
PM</span></font></b></span><font size=2 color="#0070c0" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#0070C0'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-weight:bold'><a
href="http://whereis.mit.edu/?go=E19"><span class=apple-style-span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>MIT
Energy Initiative Conference Room, E19-319</span></span></a></span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>Please join us on Friday, November 5 for a Seminar on <i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'>The Feasibility of CO2 Mineralization as a Climate Change Mitigation</span></i>
Option by Kurt Zenz House.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The
seminar will be held in Room E19-319 from 2:00pm to 3:30pm with refreshments
served.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Abstract<br>
</span></font></b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>The energetic feasibility and the potential scale of carbon
dioxide (CO2) mitigation through the use of industrial alkalinity production is
considered. Specifically, several options for the artificial production of
alkalinity are analyzed, including:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(1) Geologic deposits of reactive hydroxide minerals (e.g., brucite),
(2) Physical and thermal treatment of silicate minerals, (3) Industrial wastes,
and (4) Electrochemical production of alkali solutions. We assess the
energetics of producing alkalinity by these options and the scale at which the
options could be performed. That comparison reveals that in certain
circumstances, alkalinity production is an energetically attractive approach to
CO2 mitigation, but that the potential scale of those circumstances is limited.
In other circumstances, the potential scale for CO2 mitigation is
extraordinarily large, but in those circumstances, the thermodynamic work
required to capture one unit of CO2 as carbonate mineral is close to the work
that can be performed from producing that unit of CO2 in a coal-fired power
plant; as such, for the approaches to be effective CO2 mitigation options, then
these processes must be powered by less carbon intensive CO2 sources than
coal-fired plants.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold'>About the Speaker<br>
</span></font></b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>Kurt Zenz House studies the physics, chemistry, and
economics of capturing and storing anthropogenic carbon dioxide in ways that
will ensure it does not enter the atmosphere.<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>That work includes both storing CO2 in
the sub-surface as well as converting CO2 to stable carbonate minerals.<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>He is currently a fellow at MIT, where
his work is partially supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology. In addition, he is the President of C12 Energy, which is
commercializing geologic CCS.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>In 2007, Esquire magazine featured him among its "Best
and Brightest," in 2009, he was named by Technology Review Magazine as one
of the "Top 35 Innovators Under 35," and in 2010 he was named one of
Boston's "Top 15 Innovators" by the Boston Globe. He has a bachelor's
degree in physics from the Claremont Colleges and a Ph.D. in geoscience from
Harvard University.<font color="#002060"><span style='color:#002060'><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#002060" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#002060" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#002060" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#76923c" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#76923C;mso-no-proof:yes'>-----<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#76923c" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#76923C;mso-no-proof:yes'>Mary Gallagher<br>
MIT Energy Initiative<br>
Room E19-370G<br>
77 Massachusetts Avenue<br>
Cambridge, MA<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>02139-4307<br>
+1.617.258.0307<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#002060" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#002060" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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