<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><b>From Smart Metering to Smart Grids</b></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; ">Monday, February 8th</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Helvetica, sans-serif" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; ">4:00p-5:00p</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Helvetica, sans-serif" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; ">E19-439H</span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">(400 Main Street, Cambridge; 4th Floor across Main Street elevator)<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Speakers:<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><b><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Dr. Christof Wittwer</span></b><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; "><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Group Leader, Control Devices BSR (control systems for distributed generation)<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></span></div></div><div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span class="apple-style-span"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Dr. Günther Ebert</span></b></span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems</span></span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Department Head, Electrical Energy Systems”</span></span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div></div></div></div></div><div><br></div><div>Abstract:</div><div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">This talk will highlight the changing nature of the German power grid. </span></font><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">The German system is on the move from a centralized to a decentralized structure. In order to reduce CO2 emissions and to address the finite nature of fossil energy resources, renewables such as solar power plants, wind power plants and cogeneration plants are widely installed across Germany and Europe. The immense expected expansion of renewable and decentralised energy systems will generate a high supply of fluctuating energy in the prospective grid. By taking a look on Germany, the </span></font></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">Association for Electrical, Electronic & Information Technologies</span></font></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "> VDE is convinced that the necessity expansion of the grids can be delayed or even avoided by using controllable decentralized power plants and/or storage systems. Energy supply cannot always meet the demand curve. Therefore, it is necessary to implement adjustable load and/or storage systems. From 2011 on, German customers of household electric connections have the right to claim for demand or time variable tariffs. These tariffs should provide an incentive to safe energy and shift the energy demand to the time of production. Handling of these tariffs can be easily implemented with smart electric meters, since they are able to show actual demand and time of use. Based on this metering infrastructure local optimization algorithms can be used to support the so called smart grid. </span></font><span lang="EN-US"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">Also a short</span></font></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-US"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "> overview of the activities in the field of electromobility in Germany will be also given and some projects of Fraunhofer ISE in this field will be presented.</span></font></span></span></span></span></div><div><br></div></div></body></html>