<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;">Good afternoon —<div><br></div><div>I am working with the ECCO dataset to analyze temperature variability and anomalies in the Bering Sea and their relationship to the atmospheric state and I have a few questions about the surface boundary conditions. </div><div><br></div><div>In Forget et al. (2015), it says that radiative and turbulent heat fluxes through the free surface are computed using the bulk formula of Large and Yeager (2004) and 6-hourly ERA-Interim fields for the near-surface atmospheric state. </div><div><br></div><div>I have a few questions about these surface heat flux terms:</div><div><br></div><div><ol class="MailOutline"><li>What upward long wave and shortwave fluxes are used as surface boundary conditions? Are these fields taken directly from ERA-interim, or are they estimated from ocean emissivity and albedo? </li><li>Why are the sensible and latent heat fluxes at the surface estimated from ERA-Interim fields using the Large and Yeager bulk formula? Why are the ERA-Interim fields of latent and sensible heat flux not used directly? </li></ol><div><br></div><div>Thank you very much!</div><div>
<div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div>--------</div><div>Emily E. Hayden</div><div>Ph.D. Student | College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences</div><div>National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellow </div><div>haydenem@oregonstate.edu</div><div><br></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
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