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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">From: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Craig McLean <crmclean@mit.edu><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: MIT Microbiome Club Seminar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:24.0pt;font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#77984C">MIT Microbiome Club Seminar</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><img width="32" height="32" style="width:.3333in;height:.3333in" id="C6D0E618-023A-479B-B60A-AE1E1D9E3E3F" src="cid:ii_k1i8o7hd0"></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><strong><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#28916B">Dr. Ali </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:18.0pt;color:#28916B"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#28916B">Ebrahimi</span></strong><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><em><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#28916B">Cooperation and multicellularity determine polysaccharide degradation efficiency in marine bacteria</span></em><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#3A3E44">Tuesday, November 19th at 1:00PM in </span><span style="color:#212121"><a href="https://whereis.mit.edu/?go=56" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif">56-614</span></a></span><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:#212121"> </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:#212121">Please RSVP via
<a href="https://www.eventbrite.com/e/microbiome-club-seminar-dr-ali-ebrahimi-cooperation-and-multicellularity-determine-polysaccharide-tickets-82031328913?utm_source=eb_email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=new_event_email&utm_term=viewmyevent_button">
Eventbrite</a>.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:#212121">Microorganisms can cooperate by secreting public goods that benefit local neighbors; however, the conditions that favor cooperative growth
in the environment, and the way in which this growth alters microbes’ contribution to ecosystem functions, remain unexplored. Here, we show that cooperation mediates the degradation of polysaccharide particles recalcitrant to hydrolysis in aquatic environments.
Combining experiments and models, we define the physiological and environmental parameters that mediate the transition from cooperation to competition. Cooperation emerges through the self-organization of cells into ∼10- to 20-µm clusters that enable uptake
of diffusible hydrolysis products. When cooperation is required, the degradation of recalcitrant biopolymers can only take place when degraders exceed a critical cell concentration, underscoring the importance of microbial interactions for ecosystem function.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:#212121">Bio: Ali Ebrahimi is a Swiss National Science Foundation Fellow, working in the lab of Otto Cordero here at MIT. Before starting at MIT,
he completed a BS in Chemical Engineering at Sahand University of Technology, a masters in chemical engineering at Sharif University of Technology, and a PhD in environmental system sciences at ETH Zurich University. </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#212121">______________________________ </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F">The MIT </span></em><span class="highlight"><i><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F;background:#FFEE94">Microbiome</span></i></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F"> </span></em><span class="highlight"><i><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F;background:#FFEE94">Club</span></i></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F">,
part of the Center for </span></em><span class="highlight"><i><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F;background:#FFEE94">Microbiome</span></i></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F"> Informatics and Therapeutics, brings
together inquisitive MIT undergrads, grad researchers, postdocs, faculty, and clinicians in the emerging field of </span></em><span class="highlight"><i><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F;background:#FFEE94">microbiome</span></i></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F"> studies
and </span></em><span class="highlight"><i><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F;background:#FFEE94">microbiome</span></i></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F">-based medicine.</span></em><span style="color:#212121"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/MITmicrobiomeclub/" target="_blank"><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F"> </span></em><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#386EFF">Learn
more on our Facebook page. </span></em></a></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F">Or follow us on </span></em><span style="color:#212121"><a href="https://twitter.com/MITubiomeclub" target="_blank"><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book"">Twitter</span></em></a></span><em><span style="font-family:"Avenir Book";color:#16191F">. </span></em><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif">Craig McLean, PhD Student</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:black">MIT Microbiome Club </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:black">MIT-WHOI Joint Program</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Avenir-Book",serif;color:black">@<a href="https://twitter.com/MITubiomeclub">MITubiomeclub</a> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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